True or False: The harmful effects from a single exposure by any route are termed chronic effects.

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Not sure
• D. Sometimes

Answer: (B)

Acute versus chronic effects depend on exposure pattern. A single exposure causing harm is an acute effect, appearing soon after the exposure. Chronic effects come from long-term or repeated exposure and may have a delayed onset. The route of exposure doesn’t change this distinction. Therefore, harmful effects from a single exposure are not chronic. For example, one-time chemical splash causing immediate irritation is acute; continuous exposure over months increasing cancer risk is chronic.